Lateral motion truck



March 26, 1935. T. H. SYMINGTON 1,995,784

LATERAL MOTION TRUCK Filed July so, 1930 s Sheets-Sheet 1 March 6, T. H.SYMINGTON LATERAL MOTION TRUCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 2' Filed July so,

. aw w/ a .2 a M 6 M a w March 1935- T. H. SYMINGTON .LATERAL MOTIONTRUCK Filed July 30, 1930 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 u m M 00000 m 6 a 00000ooooo 0000 77 0000 OW 7 0000 0000 7 0000 6 Q0000 7 0 7 Patented Mar. 26,1935 LATERAL MOTION TRUCK Thomas H. Symington, to T. H. Symington &

Baltimore, Md., assignor Son, Inc., Baltimore, Md.,

a corporation of Maryland Application July 30, 1930, Serial No. 471,842

18 Claims.

The invention relates to railway car trucks, particularly to thosedesigned for use in connection with freight cars, and has for itsgeneral object the provision of an improved truck embodying a novelbolster mounting whereby to permit relative swiveling movement of thetruck and body bolster and at the same time to permit lateral motion ofthe body bolster.

It is well known that it is a common practice to provide a truck withrockers or rollers carried by the truck bolster and supporting the bodybolster in such manner that the latter may have the combination ofmovements above mentioned. However, it has been attempted by variousmeans to insure squaring of the wheels with respect to the truck andreturn of the body bolster to its normal or centered position withrespect to the truck bolster after swiveling movement or lateral motionhas occurred, The various expedients adopted for the purpose have beenfound to be faulty for the reason that too great a resistance isinitially offered to either swivelin movement or lateral motion, thisresulting in a tendency of th parts to slam after the resistance h eenovercome, it frequently occurring that the body bolster moves withexcessive violence toward one side frame or the other, as the case maybe, depending upon the direction of curvature of the track. The violenceof these movements is extremely detrimental not only to the parts of thetruck itself but also to the car lading, especially in case the latteris of a perishable nature. In connection with passenger cars the problemis easily solved by a peculiar 35 suspension means which can be employedbut these methods cannot be followed in connection with freight carequipment.

It is with the above facts in view that I have devised the presentinvention, which has for 4o an important object the provision of a truckembodying a rocker supporting means for the body bolster which will havethe same general action as the suspension means in a passenger cartruck, the rocker arrangement being such as to exert a lifting effectupon the body bolster when lateral motion occurs, this lifting effectcounteracting the tendency of the body bolster to move.

A very important object of the invention is to provide a lateral motiontruck embodying side 50 bearing rockers of peculiar constructioninvolving relatively rotatable parts or sections so that the inevitabletorsional action, upon the occurrence of swiveling movement will occurwithin the interior of the sidebearing assemblies, thus greatlyreducing, if not entirely eliminating, any

appreciable degree of friction between theside bearings themselves as awhole and the truck and body bolsters.

Another object of the invention is to provide a lateral motion truck inwhich the coacting relatively movable parts, sections or elements of theside bearing rockers or rocker assemblies are so constructed as to beincapable of binding, the contacting surfaces thereof being of suchspecific formation that 10 the lines of stress will always fall withinthe interior of the rocker assemblies and so shaped as to reduce thefrictional area to the minimum, thus insuring freedom of movement sothat a true floating action will be had.

Another object is to provide a truck structure in which the actual workdone by the peculiar rocker arrangement will be the same regardless ofWhether all four rockers for a car are sustaining the load or whetheronly three rockers are actually in service as of course occurs in theevent that the car is standing upon uneven track for instance at theapproach to or take-off from a curve.

A further object is to provide a truck of this character in which freelateral motion of the body bolster is permitted in both directions for aportion of the travel, the lift or elevation of the body bolster beinginitially comparatively slight, and in which throughout the remainder ofthe travel the lift will become increasingly abrupt so that gravity willoppose the centrifugal force developed as for example when the carrounds a curve or the wheels on one side pass over a low spot in therail.

A more specific object is to provide a truck construction embodyingcounterpart rocker elements forming part of the side bearing assembly,one rocker element having a hearing within the truck bolster and theother having a bearing engagement with the body bolster, these twoelements being always maintained in non-rotative relation to therespective bolsters and having interposed between them the relativelyrotatable parts which take care of all torsional strains.

Another detailed object is the provision of an arrangement of thischaracter in which the torsional friction taking elements are removableif for any reason unexpected wear should make it desirable.

Another, and rather important, object is to provide a lateral motiontruck in which the side bearing assemblies are located closer to thelongitudinal axis of the car than is ordinarily considered the standardpractice, the reason being to maintain a four point bearing for the carbody at least most of the time or, in other words, to reduce thefrequency of the occasions when the load is sustained upon only threebearings, the slight reduction in stability being more than compensatedfor by the provision of safety stop means adapted to come into play inthe event of an unusually violent lateral motion such as mightconceivably result from numerous causes.

An additional object is to provide a structure of this character whichwill in most respects, at least in so far as the mere truck and bodybolsters are concerned, not constitute a radical departure from previousdesigns so that it will be unnecessary to make any changes in the carunderframe or the side frames, it being even possible to make use of astandard body bolster by the simple expedient of adding but a few partsthereto.

An additional object is to provide a truck embodying all of the aboveadvantageous characteristics and which will at the same time becomparatively simple and inexpensive to make, easy to assemble,particularly as the parts are reversible and interchangeable, which willbe efficient and durable in service, positive in action, and a generalimprovement in the art.

To the attainment of the foregoing and other objects and advantages, theinvention preferably consists in the details of construction and thearrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fullydescribed and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings inwhich:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through one half of a truckand body bolster assembly and showing my novel side bearing arrangementtherein,

Figure 2 is a vertical cross sectional View taken on the line '2--2 ofFigure 1,

Figure 3 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of one ofthe relatively rotatable sections or elements of the side bearingassembly,

Figure 5 is a plan view thereof,

Figure 6 is a detail side elevation of one of the counterpart upper andlower rocker elements,

Figure '7 is a plan view thereof,

Figure 8 is a top plan view of the bottom stationary bearing member,

Figure 9 is a side elevation thereof, and

Figure 10 is a bottom plan view thereof.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates atruck side frame having the usual window opening 2 within the bottom ofwhich is the spring plank 3 supporting the truck springs,diagrammatically indicated at 4, which in turn support the ends 5 of thetruck bolster 6, This bolster may of course have its preciseconstruction varied within considerable limits though naturally it isformed as a casting and has its central or intermediate portion of muchgreater depth than its ends 5, the latter being reduced in height so asto cooperate properly with the springs 4 while remaining in the properrelation to the window opening 2. At its center the truck bolster isshown as provided with a guideway '7 elongated longitudinally of thebolster for the accommodation of a slidable hearing member 8 which isformed with a central cylindrical opening 9 for rotatably receiving atrunnion member 10 depending from a center plate 11 secured to theunderside of the body bolster 12. The bottom of the guideway 7 isdisclosed as having an elongated slot 13 therein accommodating andpermitting movement of the trunnion member 10. The purpose of thisparticular construction at the center is to permit relative swivellingmovement of the truck and body bolsters and at the same time to permitlateral motion of the body bolster.

There need be nothing particularly unusual about the construction of thebody bolster and it is here shown as including channeled side members 14secured, as by rivets or the like to top and bottom plates 15 and 16,the central portion being reinforced by transverse channel irons 17between which is riveted a bracing casting 18. In the arrangementdisclosed the. center plate 11 is secured not only to the bottom plate16 but also to the casting l8 and channel irons 17 by means of rivets19. The purpose of this detailed construction is simply to providestrength so that the body bolster will be capable of withstanding anycantilever strains imposed upon it in service.

Reverting to the truck bolster, it will be observed that in spacedrelation to each side of the center thereof it is formed with a sprocket20 which extends preferably the full height or depth and which may besaid to be of inverted frusto-pyramidal shape. In other words the majorportion, at least, of the truck bolster is of less width at its bottomthan at its top, its sides diverging upwardly and outwardly as clearlyindicated in Figure 2. The other two sides of the pocket are defined bywall members 21 and 22 which likewise diverge upwardly and which mergeinto the bottom wall and into the guideway 7 and top of the bolster,respectively. These wall members 21 and 22 may be formed with openings23 for the sake of lightness and it is equally apparent that the sidesof the bolster'may be formed with other openings 24 and its bottom withopenings 25, 26 and 27, all for the same purpose. Other openings 28 maybe provided in the top for reducing the weight. The exact size, shapeand number of any and all such openings may be varied withinconsiderable limits as this is merely a manufacturing detail governed byfoundry practice. The top of each pocket is of course open at 29 and thebottom is also formed with an opening 30, the latter being principallyfor the purpose of permitting the escape of any dirt or water whichmight otherwise accumulate within the pocket. The entire purpose of thepocket structure is to contain and substantially enclose the sidebearing assembly which is indicated as a whole by the numeral 31. Insome respects, at least, the truck and body bolsters themselves mayresemble the corresponding parts in my co-pending application for patentfor Lateral motion truck, filed December 2, 1929 and given Serial No.411,093 but it will be observed, as the description progresses, that theside bearing structure is a radical departure in every respect.

Each side bearing assembly is described as comprising a stationary lowerbearing member 32 illustrated in detail in Figures 8, 9 and 10 and ofgeneral substantially rectangular shape so as to fit within the bottomof the pocket 20. This member need not be of solid construction, thoughit' can be if preferred, as it is here shown as comprising a plane upperbearing surface 33 and a lower bearing surface 34, the latter beingpreferably provided with a series of slight projections 35 engaging uponthe upper surface of the bottom of the pocket providing adequate supportwithout having continuous contact. This member is also represented ascored out at 36 for the sake of lightness. Moreover the top bearingsurface 33 maybe of. less extent-than the. bottom 34'for the solepurpose of reducing the amount of metal. In addition, this stationarybearing member is represented as formed centrally with an elonopening 37for a purpose to be described.

Secured on the underside of the body bolster l2 vertically above thepocket 2e and of course the member'SZ therein is a bearing member 38here disclosed as having lateral flanges 39 riveted at 40 to the bottomplate 16 and the channeled sides 14 of the body bolster. This member 38is formed with an opening 41 corresponding in size and shape totheopening 37 and registering with an opening 42 in the bottom plate 16which in turn communicates with a recess orcavity 43 in the lower end ofa reinforcing casting 44 which is located within and secured to the bodybolster. This member preferably extends from side to side of the bodybolster and is preferably riveted to the channels 14 as shown at 45. Theload comes upon. the bearing member 38 and it is consequently obviousthat the body bolster must be strong at this point, hence the provisionof the reinforcing casting 44.

The rocker means is interposed between the stationary bearing member 32and the bearing 38 and this assembly comprises counterpart rockermembers 46 arranged in' reversed or opposed relation and having theirconfronting faces 4'? plane and their outermost or most remote surfacescurved, the curved surface 48 between the points 49 being of less radiusthan the surfaces 50 between the points 49 and the outer ends 51, for areason to be hereinafter explained. The edges of the plane sides may bebeveled off as at 51 to reduce the weight, and these plane sides areformed each with a pair of spuds 52 while each curved side is formedwith a single central spud 53, the extremity of which may be beveled offas at 54. line lower rocker member 46 has its curved surface rockablelongitudinally of the truck bolster upon the plane top surface 33 of thebearing member 32, its spud 53 being accommodated within the opening'37,while the upper rocker member 46 has its curved surface rockablelongitudinally of the body bolster upon the plane lower surface of thebearing member 38, its spud 53 being received within the. openings 41and 42 and recess 43. Owing to the substantially rectangular andelongated shape of the openings 3'7, 41 and'42 it is apparent thattherocker membars 46 will be restrained against any rotatlve movement ortwisting with respect to the bearing surfaces with which they cooperate,the movement of the lower and upper members 46 being confined to onelongitudinally of the truck and body bolsters, respectively.

The torsion permitting means comprises a pair of combined retaining andload taking members 55 arranged in spaced end to'end relation betweenthe rocker members 46 and capable of rotary movement with respect toeach other but incapable of rotary movement with respect to theassociated and adjacent rocker members. These mem ers 55 are disclosedas having cylindrically curved outer surfaces 56 bearing against theplane surfaces of the rockers 46, their inner or adjacent ends beingformed with loosely interfitting fingers 57 grooved at their outer sidesas shown at 58 for the reception of a split spring ring 59, the split ofwhich is intended to be welded or otherwise suitably closed afterassembly of the parts. Each member 55 is partly hollow, or in otherwords is recessed at its open end, there being a solid por-- tion 60throughout substantially half of its length. The word solid is used notin its strictest or most literal meaning but in the sense that there isprovided a column or post which will sustain the load, as actually theportion 60 may be partially cored out as at 61 and 62 not only to reducethe Weight but also to insure a better casting, as will be readilyunderstood. 'The portion 60 of each member 55 is also provided withopenings 63 which receive and accommodate the spuds 52 so that eachmember 55 will be restrained against any torsional movement with respectto the rocker member 46 engagedby it. The closed or outer ends of themembers -55 arepreferably widened or formed with lateral projections 64so as to have adequate bearing against theassociated members 46 andthese lateral extensions are-preferably provided with peripheralstiffening beads 65 into which merge webs 66 in turn merging into thesides ofthe members 55 as clearly indicated in surfaces resting upon thesolid or column portions 60 and which fit reasonably snugly within themembers 55 so as to be incapable of any appreciable lateral movementtherein except possibly a very slight amount to permit them. to equalizepressures brought upon them and to accommodate thernselvesto the line ofpressure. Oneblock 67 is formed with asubstantially cylindrical recessor cavity 68 having a spherical bottom 69, while the other is formedwith a substantially cylindrical projection 70 having a sphericalsurface 71 struck. from a radius less than that of the surface 69, thereason being to reduce the areas in contact. In actual practice thecontacting areas may be of very slight extent, possibly an inch or alittle more in diameter. The advantage in this is to reduce friction sothat the blocks 67 confined within their retainers may rotate withrespect to each other without undue resistance, thereby in suringfreedom of movement of the body bolster with respect to the truckbolster at all times when there is any force tending to move thebolsters relatively. It should also be observed that there is a slightspace between the periphery of the projection 70 and the wall of thecylindrical recess 68as well as a slight clearance between the outeredges of the block members in order to prevent contact at these pointswith the possible danger of chipping, breaking or at least straining themetal. It is quite natural to suppose that the block members may besuitably heat treated by any approved process for the purpose ofhardening the contacting surfaces so that they will be capable ofwithstanding wear for a long period of time.

A feature of note is that the vertical axis of the side bearingassemblies and the bearing members coasting therewith is a shorterdistance than customary from the vertical axis of the truck so that thefour points of support for the car body will be comparatively close tothe center of the car, thereby reducing the danger of'the load being sofrequently carried upon only three bearings. In a way this may detractvery slightly from the stability of the car under unusually adverseconditions and to oifset this and to provide a safety feature which willprevent excessive lateral motion of the body bolster I provide anabutment member '72 from the top of the truck bolster between the pocket20 and the end 5, this abutment member having an inclined face '73adapted to be (Ill engaged by a similarly inclined face 74 on a stopmember '75 secured on the underside of the body bolster 14.

One or more shims 76 may be interposed between the member '75 and thebody bolster for adjusting the position of the former with respect tothe stop member 72 so that the surfaces 73 and '74 may on certainoccasions engage each other and check any dangerously excessive lateralmotion of the body bolster in the operation as will be described.

In the operation, it will be readily understood that under normalcircumstances the body bolster 14 is in registration or alinement withthe truck bolster 6, the trunnion member 10 and slidable bearing member8 being in central position with respect to the guide 7 and the sidebearing assemblies having their axes extending vertically. When relativeswivelling movement of the bolsters occurs the trunnion member 10forming part of the center plate rotates with the cylindrical opening 9in the bearing member 8 and the rockers comprising the two members 55with the blocks 67 enclosed therein rock transversely of the truckbolster, the curved end surfaces 56 rolling upon the plane confrontingsurfaces of the rocker members 46. Generally when the relativeswivelling movement occurs it is accompanied by lateral motion of thebody bolster and at such a time there is not only the pivotal androcking action above mentioned but also a sliding of the bearing member8 longitudinally of the truck bolster within the guide 7. Furthermorethe curved upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower rockermembers 46, respectively, will then roll against the underside of thebearing member 38 and the top surface 33 of the stationary bearingmember 32, respectively. Naturally this cannot take place without atorsional or twisting action somewhere. It is a very important featureof the present invention that this torsional movement takes place withinthe side bearing assembly so that there will be no great degree offriction developed between the curved surfaces of the rocker members 46and the coacting bearing members 38 and 32. Actually, one member 55,being prevented from rotation with respect to the member 38 on accountof the spuds 52 and 53, will rotate with respect to the other member 55which cannot rotate with respect to the stationary member 32. Themembers 55 are themselves out of physical contact as it is only theblock members 67 which engage each other. The result is that all thetorsional action, and resultant friction, will take place between thecurved surface '71 of the projection '70 of one block member and thecurved surface 69 in the recess 68 of the other. In view of the factthat these two curved surfaces have different radii, it is apparent thatthere will really be but a very limited area in actual contact and inthis way it is clear that torsional friction will be reduced to theminimum, thereby permitting a very free and easy movement of the truckand body bolsters with respect to each other, during swivelling orlateral motion, or both combined. It should also be observed that as thevarious spuds 52 and 53 are tapered and of conical and pyramidal shape,respectively, they will have ample clearance within the openingsprovided for their accommodation so that there will be no possibility ofbinding and shearing off. Every provision has been made to insure thefree and easy movement.

It is intended that the curvature of the surfaces 48 and 50 on therocker members 46 be such that during the first portion of the travel ofthe body bolster during lateral motion there Will be but a slightlifting action at both ends Whereas when the travel increases the liftbecomes more abrupt, thereby opposing additional resistance to thelateral motion and checking it before it becomes excessive, resulting ina slam of the parts against one another. If for some reason or otherthis more abrupt lift should be insufficient to check the lateralmotion, for instance as might occur particularly on industrial trackwhere there is a superelevation of the outside rail on a curve, the stopmembers 72 and 75 will engage and act as a safety factor for preventingan overthrow. The feature of having the vertical axis of the sidebearing rockers close to the longitudinal center line of the car hasalready been discussed and this need not be enlarged upon.

From the foregoing description and a study of the drawings it will beapparent that I have thus provided a very simple and inexpensive and yethighly efficient truck structure which will perform all the functionsfor which it is intended and which will operate to promote easy ridingof the car in point of reduction of shocks, slams, and the like. It isthought that the construction, operation and advantages should bereadily apparent to one skilled in the art without further explanation.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of theinvention, it should be understood that the disclosure is merely anexemplification of the principles involved as the right is reserved tomake all such changes in the details of construction as will widen thefield of utility and increase the adaptability of the device providedsuch changes constitute no departure from the spirit of the invention orthe scope of the claims hereunto appended.

Having thus described the invention, I claim:

1. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including top and bottom memberscapable of rocking movement longitudinally of the bolsters and includinginterposed swivelly engaged elements rockable together transversely ofthe bolsters.

2. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including members limited torocking movement longitudinally of the bolsters and further includingmembers relatively rotatably engaged and limited to rocking movementtransversely of the bolsters.

3. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including members rockablelongitudinally of the bolsters and further including members relativelyrotatably engaged and rockable transversely of the bolsters, said firstnamed members being restrained against rotation with respect to thetruck and body bolsters.

4. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and. lateral motion withrespect thereto, and side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including members rockablelongitudinally of the bolsters and further including members relativelyrotatably engaged and rockab-le transversely of the bolsters, said firstnamed members being restrained against rotation with respect to thetruck and body bolsters and with respect to the second named members.

5. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster .mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including rocker membersrockable longitudinally of the truck and body bolsters andv restrainedagainst rotation With respect thereto and further including othermembers restrained against rotation with respect to the first namedmembers and having relative rotative engagement with each other.

6. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody. bolsters and formed as an assembly including upper and lowerrocker mem bers coacting with the body and truck bolsters respectivelyand rockable longitudinally thereof While restrained against rotarymovement with respect thereto, further including retaining membersrockably and non-rotatably engaging against said rocker members andmovable together transversely of the bolsters, and additionallyincluding block members located within the retaining members and havingswivelling engagement.

7. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including upper and lower rockermembers coacting with the body and truck bolsters respectively androckable longitudinally thereof while restrained against rotary movementwith respect thereto, further including retaining members rockably andnon-ro-tatably engaging against said rocker members and movable togethertransversely of the bolsters, and additionally including block memberslocated within the retaining members and having swiveling engagement,said block members contacting at relatively small areas compared withtheir diameter.

8. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including upper and lower rockermembers coacting with the body and truck bolsters respectively androckable longitudinally thereof while restrained against rotary movementwith respect thereto, further including retaining members rockably andnon-rotatably engaging against said rocker members and movable togethertransversely of the bolsters, and additionally including block memberslocated within the retaining members and having swiveling engagement,said block members having coacting curved surfaces.

9. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assemblyincluding upper and lower rockermembers coacting with the body and truck bolsters respectively androckable longitudinally thereof while restrained against rotary movementwith respect thereto, further including retaining members rockably andnon-rotatably engaging against said rocker members and movable togethertransversely of the bolsters, and additionally including block memberslocated within the retaining members and having swivelling engage.-ment, said block members having coacting curved surfaces of differentradii.

10. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including upper and lower rockermembers coacting with the body and truck bolsters respectively androckable longitudinally thereof while restrained against rotary movementwith respect thereto, further including retaining members rockably andnon-rotatably engaging against said rocker members and movable togethertransversely of the bolsters, and additionally including block memberslocated within the retaining members and having swivelling engagement,said block members having substantially spherical coacting surfaces, oneof less abrupt curvature than the other whereby the area of engagementwill be small as compared with the total area of the curved surfaces.

11. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and formed as an assembly including upper and lower rockermembers having curved upper and lower surfaces and plane lower and uppersurfaces respectively, further including retaining means having a curvedupper surface and a curved lower surface coacting with the planesurfaces of said rocker members, and bearing blocks located within saidretaining means and having swivelling frictional engagement.

12. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swiveling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, side bearing means interposed between the truck andbody bolsters and embodying upper and lower rocker members coacting withthe body and truck bolsters respectively, means for preventing rotationof said rocker members with respect to the respective bolsters, a pairof retaining members arranged in end to end relation and having openends disposed toward each other, said retaining members being relativelyrotatable and having interfitting portions and restrained againstrelative longitudinal movement, the retaining members having rockableengagement with said rocker members and being movable transversely ofthe bolsters, and swivelly engaged bearing surfaces within the retainingmembers.

13. In a railway car truck, the combination of a truck bolster formedwith a pocket at each side of its vertical axis, a body bolsterpivotally and slidably mounted upon the truck bolster and equipped witha depending bearing element above the pocket, said bearing elementhaving an angular opening therein, a stationary bearing memher withinthe pocket having a similar angular opening therein, and a side bearingassembly within each pocket comprising upper and lower rockers providedrespectively with spuds entering said first and second named openings,said rocker members coacting respectively with and rockablelongitudinally of the bolsters against said depending bearing elementand said stationary bearing member, and relatively rotatable membersarranged in superposed relation and having bearing surfaces coactingwith said rocker members so as to be rockable transversely of thebolsters, and swivelly engaged bearing members located within saidrelatively rotatable members.

14. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swivelling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and noncompressible side bearing rockers interposedbetween the truck and body bolsters and each embodying verticallycoaxial superposed members abuttingly engaged for relative rotationabout a vertical axis.

15. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swivelling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and non-compressible side bearing rockers interposedbetween the truck and body bolsters and each including retaining meansenclosing vertically coaxial longitudinally unyielding elementsrotatably abutting for swivelling movement.

16. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swivelling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and longitudinally non-compressible side bearingrockers interposed between the truck and body bolsters and eachembodying rigid relatively rotatable superposed abutting verticallycoaxial sections rockable bodily longitudinally of the bolsters.

17. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relatively swivelling and lateral motionwith respect thereto, and longitudinally non-compressible side bearingrockers interposed between the truck and body bolsters and eachembodying longitudinally unyielding relatively rotatable verticallycoaxial end to end abutting sections rockable bodily longitudinally ofthe bolsters and also transversely thereof.

18. In a truck structure, the combination of a truck bolster, a bodybolster mounted thereon for relative swivelling and lateral motion withrespect thereto, and side bearing rockers interposed between the truckand body bolsters and each formed as a longitudinally rigid ornon-compressible assembly capable of rocking movement longitudinally andtransversely of the bolsters and each including enclosed swivellyengaged coaxial elements at its thrust receiving coacting surfaces.

THOMAS H. SYMINGTON.

